Pancreatitis is an inflammatory process in the pancreas. The outflow of bile is disturbed, as a result, the enzymes of the gland do not penetrate the duodenum and remain in it. The pancreas begins to gradually collapse, which even threatens death.
More and more people are diagnosed with this disease every year. Pathology also occurs in adolescents. There are many reasons for the development of pancreatitis, from alcohol abuse, to excess weight, to gallstone disease. Therefore, it is very important to follow a diet during the illness.
The importance of enzymes in food digestion
For normal digestion of food, pancreatic juice produced by the pancreas is needed. In addition, the juice protects against the harmful effects of hydrochloric acid. Contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins and fats. If this does not happen, then most of the food received does not provide any benefit to the body.
The juice contains 4 enzymes. They are divided into 3 phases, the activation of which occurs approximately in the first 30-60 minutes after eating. Then there is a gradual decrease in activity and literally in 3-4 hours everything returns to the initial level. If there are problems with the pancreas, the activation of enzymes occurs too early, as a result of which the inflammatory process or pancreatitis begins.
Fatty foods, consequences of abuse
Fats are found in all foods, including fruit, albeit in minimal quantities. But most of the fat is in the bacon and lard. For example, 70g of lard covers the daily amount of fat the body needs per day. It is clear that no one will be limited to a couple of pieces of bacon a day.
Some products have hidden surprises. For example, doctor's sausage contains 40% fat, although it is considered dietary. These products include popcorn, sauces, yogurt, and convenience foods.
Nutritionists recommend consuming no more than 1 g of fat per 1 kg of human weight. If the norm is not observed, obesity begins, which negatively affects all human organs, including the pancreas. Scientists have also been able to establish that fatty food excites the brain's pleasure center, as a result, even if a person stops consuming fat, they never get enough of normal food.
Ways to get rid of pain
Pancreatitis is accompanied by pain in the hypochondrium. Start after eating. This can be accompanied by weakness, belching, nausea, and even stool disturbances. The first step, if an attack has started, is to take antispasmodic drugs, if you know which ones. If the attack is severe, it is best to call doctors.
After those two days it is best to stay in bed for 2 days. Ice can be applied to the hypochondrium. Until the attack passes, you should not eat, just drink water, which should be warm.
If vomiting is present, it is better to vomit, it will immediately become much easier. It is best to breathe lightly, holding your breath periodically.
How long does the pancreatitis diet last
The pancreatitis diet has no clear timing. It all depends on the condition of the patient, how quickly he is recovering. In the chronic form, a person usually needs to closely monitor their diet for at least 1. 5 years.
Approved Products
In order not to damage the pancreas and "help" it to perform its functions faster, the following foods should be present in the diet:
- soups with pasta and vegetables;
- yesterday's bread;
- baked or boiled fish;
- Steamed meat, in the form of rolls, mashed potatoes, pates and cutlets;
- croutons;
- stewed and baked vegetables;
- dairy products and fermented milk products, but with a low percentage of fat;
- cereals;
- omelette;
- paste;
- a small amount of butter and vegetable oil;
- unsweetened baked fruit;
- gelatin;
- jelly and compotes.
However, such a limited set of products will not always be in the diet; gradually, as it improves, the number of products expands.
Limited or partially limited products
Unfortunately, the list of prohibited foods for this type of disease is quite impressive. Invalid consumption:
- cabbage;
- okroshka;
- jams;
- broths based on meat, fish and mushrooms;
- beetroot;
- margarine;
- canned foods;
- fatty meats and fish;
- offal;
- sausages;
- any fried food;
- lard;
- apples;
- hard-boiled eggs;
- caviar;
- legumes;
- barley, corn and millet porridge;
- has banned vegetables that cause flatulence and contain large dietary fiber, for example radishes and cabbage;
- chocolate;
- fresh baked goods and bread;
- spicy dishes;
- citrus.
You cannot drink coffee, cocoa, strong tea. It is undesirable to drink juices. Carbonated drinks strictly prohibited
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
The purpose of dietary nutrition in the presence of pancreatitis is to relieve the inflammatory process and restore the normal functioning of the gland. In the chronic form, food must enter the body every 2-3 hours. You need to drink a lot of water, up to 3 liters. Before eating, it is recommended to drink a glass of warm, clean water without gas for about 20 minutes.
It is unacceptable to use alcoholic beverages. You will need to minimize the amount of sugar and salt in your diet. You can't overeat and wash your food. It is best to carefully grind all products. The dishes should be at room temperature.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
After 2-3 days of fasting, a light diet should be followed. The menu can be structured as follows:
- 3 days after relieving the symptoms of an attack, weak, unsweetened tea is introduced;
- on the 5th day, you can already eat mashed carrots or potatoes;
- from the 7th day it is allowed to introduce fish, but not fried or seafood;
- milk and ricotta puddings were introduced from day 10.
It is allowed to consume light soups and beef for 7-10 days. However, they are administered carefully, depending on the state of health. If unpleasant symptoms appear after their use, they are immediately removed from the diet.
Many doctors recommend drinking oatmeal jelly for 3 to 4 days. It is low in calories, but at the same time it is very satisfying. The drink allows you to normalize the stool and remove toxins.
Diet for pancreatitis in children
Indeed, the diagnosis of pancreatitis is extremely rare in childhood. But more often you can face "reactive pancreatitis". These are temporary problems with the pancreas associated with poor nutrition.
The problem is usually solved in a couple of weeks. However, during this time, you will need to keep the baby on a strict diet.
All products that contain chemical additives, flavors, dyes are displayed unambiguously. No trips to public food establishments and harmful fast food restaurants.
However, fermented and salty foods, broths, natural sausages, pies, cakes and even ice cream are allowed. But they should not be familiar to the child and can be used after the symptoms of "reactive pancreatitis" have been removed.
Therapeutic diet Table number 5 n product list
This diet is recommended for chronic pancreatitis, gout, cholecystitis and numerous other diseases. The main goal of diet number 5p is to restore normal functioning of the pancreas, liver and gallbladder.
Table 5p provides a rational approach to the amount of protein and carbohydrates. However, the fat is almost completely reduced to zero. The menu must not contain products that contain cholesterol, oxalic acid, purines, essential oils, fats. Salt also decreases in quantity.
It is recommended to drink warm water on an empty stomach. Food should be carefully chopped, eaten in small portions. No alcohol. You have to eat an average of 5 times during the day.
The energy value of the menu must not exceed 2800 kcal. During the diet, drug therapy should not be interrupted.
Example of a diet menu for pancreatitis for a week
You can create a menu for the week as follows:
Monday
| Breakfast | Omelette and black bread, a cup of tea |
| Snack | Cheese and biscuits |
| Lunch | Stewed zucchini and buckwheat porridge |
| Snack | Mashed apples |
| Dinner | Oatmeal, carrot puree |
Tuesday
| Breakfast | Chopped low-fat cheese, tea |
| Snack | Fruit jelly |
| Lunch | Vegetable soup, bread, some boiled beef |
| Snack | Carrot puree |
| Dinner | Boiled chicken, vegetable stew |
Wednesday
| Breakfast | Low-fat yogurt and apple |
| Snack | A little cottage cheese |
| Lunch | Soup puree, boiled crucian carp |
| Snack | Croutons, dried apricots |
| Dinner | Rice and ricotta pudding, baked meat |
Thursday
| Breakfast | Omelette, slice of bread |
| Snack | Raisins |
| Lunch | Green bean stew, chicken stew |
| Snack | Baked apples |
| Dinner | Rice and steamed chicken |
Friday
| Breakfast | Pumpkin puree |
| Snack | Dried apricots |
| Lunch | Light soup, boiled fish |
| Snack | Choice of cooked fruit |
| Dinner | Casserole |
Saturday
| Breakfast | Bread, omelettes |
| Snack | Curd |
| Lunch | Lentil soup, boiled beef |
| Snack | Fruit jelly |
| Dinner | Buckwheat porridge, boiled chicken |
Sunday
| Breakfast | Boiled beets, croutons |
| Snack | Baked pumpkin, pasta without sauce |
| Lunch | Boiled potatoes, beef stew |
| Snack | Oatmeal jelly |
| Dinner | Rice pudding, chicken |
Before going to bed, you can drink a glass of kefir. And those with a sweet tooth can even afford a couple of milk candies.
Always follow your doctor's advice carefully. Even after discharge from the hospital, it is necessary to follow a diet for the specified time in order to improve the quality of one's life, to prevent relapse. And to prevent the development of the disease, it is necessary to monitor one's diet from an early age.